Here, you can find every one of the important key points and finished arrangement of "Kerbs cycle" of Class 12 recently distributed (NEW COURSE). Trust you will think that it is useful. If it's not too much trouble, share it with the needy ones.
The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. The Krebs cycle is an essential part of cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells produce energy in the form of ATP.
The Krebs cycle starts with the conversion of pyruvate, which is produced during glycolysis, into acetyl CoA. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, and it results in the release of a molecule of carbon dioxide and the production of NADH.
Once acetyl CoA is formed, it enters the Krebs cycle by reacting with oxaloacetate, which is a four-carbon molecule, to form citrate, a six-carbon molecule. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme citrate synthase.
The next step in the Krebs cycle is the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme aconitase and involves the removal of a water molecule from citrate, followed by the addition of a water molecule to the resulting molecule.
Isocitrate is then converted to alpha-ketoglutarate through a series of reactions that involve the removal of carbon dioxide and the production of NADH. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase.
Alpha-ketoglutarate is then converted to succinyl CoA through a series of reactions that involve the removal of carbon dioxide and the production of NADH. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.
Succinyl CoA is then converted to succinate through a reaction that involves the production of GTP, which is a molecule that can be converted into ATP. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme succinyl CoA synthetase.
Succinate is then converted to fumarate through a reaction that involves the production of FADH2, which is a molecule that can be converted into ATP. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, which is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Fumarate is then converted to malate through a reaction that involves the addition of a water molecule. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme fumarase.
Malate is then converted back to oxaloacetate through a reaction that involves the production of NADH. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme malate dehydrogenase.
Overall, the Krebs cycle produces a total of three NADH molecules, one FADH2 molecule, one GTP molecule, and two carbon dioxide molecules per acetyl CoA molecule that enters the cycle. The NADH and FADH2 molecules produced during the Krebs cycle can be used to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, which is the final step of cellular respiration.
In conclusion, the Krebs cycle is a series of chemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. The Krebs cycle is an essential part of cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells produce energy in the form of ATP. The Krebs cycle starts with the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA and produces NADH, FADH2, GTP, and carbon dioxide. The NADH and FADH2 molecules produced during the Krebs cycle can be used to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
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